How will my doctor detect kidney disease?

(Medical Tests of Kidney Function)

Since you can have kidney disease without any symptoms, your doctor may first detect the condition through routine blood and urine tests. The National Kidney Foundation recommends three simple tests to screen for kidney disease: a blood pressure measurement, a spot check for protein or albumin the urine (proteinuria), and a calculation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) based on a serum creatinine measurement.

source: http://kidney.niddk.nih.gov/kudiseases/pubs/yourkidneys/index.htm